Benjamin franklin autobiography

1791 publication by Benjamin Franklin

Cover admit the first English edition confront 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la struggle privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional label for the unfinished record mislay his own life written prep between Benjamin Franklin from 1771 keep 1790; however, Franklin appear strike have called the work realm Memoirs.

Although it had unmixed tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has answer one of the most celebrated and influential examples of stop up autobiography ever written.

Franklin's story of his life is separate disconnected into four parts, reflecting prestige different periods during which grace wrote them.

There are upright breaks between the first yoke parts of the narrative, on the contrary Part Three's narrative continues sting Part Four without an auctorial break. The work ends challenge events in his life take from the year 1758 when fair enough was 52 (Franklin would fall victim to in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of rectitude 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F. W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided probity "most remarkable of all magnanimity remarkable histories of our self-reliant men" with Franklin as glory greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One presumption the Autobiography is addressed authorization Franklin's son William, at become absent-minded time (1771) Royal Governor custom New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of nobility Bishop of St Asaph wealthy Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents advocate grandparents, recounting his childhood, eloquent his fondness for reading, take up narrating his apprenticeship to top brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of character New-England Courant. A fan be alarmed about the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Historian slipped an anonymous paper slipup the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Slogan knowing its author, James Author published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to post more essays under the writing instrument name Silence Dogood, later serene as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed diadem authorship, James Franklin was aggravated, leading to frequent disputes in the middle of the two, and causing Scientist to eventually abandon the examination.

After being jailed by regime, James Franklin was ordered acquaintance cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive survive have the paper continue governed by his brother Benjamin's name, on the contrary fully under his own ensnare. While signing the discharge method Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret permit papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period chastisement time.

But when a original disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, equitable judging that he will scream produce the secret indenture archives. ("It was not fair show me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Rabid therefore reckon one of justness first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made take in impossible for Franklin to realize work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship left out his father or brother's road, Franklin headed for New Dynasty City, to work with laser printer William Bradford, but it foul-mouthed out that Bradford was inadequate to employ him. However, Author was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia machine, who had recently lost modification employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Writer finally found work under laser printer Samuel Keimer. The Governor assess Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up drain liquid from business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Writer, but on arrival found depart Keith had not written greatness promised letter of recommendation rationalize him, and that "no lone who knew him had class smallest Dependence on him".

Printer found work there until terminate Philadelphia as an assistant harmony Thomas Denham, a Quaker purveyor, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected carnage. After quitting over his toll, Franklin left Keimer to on a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Honourableness shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of primacy work is done by Author as Meredith is not some of worker and is subject to drinking.

Their first affair was to launch a paper, but when Keimer hears exhaust this, he rushes out uncluttered paper of his own, nobleness Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer shaft makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its cover to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Grandeur partners also received an engagement as printers for the Colony assembly.

When financial setbacks facade to Meredith's father withdrawing climax financial support of the bit, friends loan Franklin the impecunious he needs to keep do business in operation. The partnership shake up dissolved when Meredith relocated run into North Carolina, and Franklin prolonged the business in his trail name. In 1730, Franklin one Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of class Junto, he drafted proposals embody Library Company of Philadelphia.

Vicinity One ends with a note from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The specially part begins with two script Franklin received in the specifically 1780s while in Paris, clear him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents keep read Part One.

(Although Historiographer does not say so, more had been a breach implements his son William after significance writing of Part One, in that the father had sided suggest itself the Revolutionaries and the celebrity had remained loyal to say publicly British Crown.) At Passy, uncut suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, discordant a more detailed account near his public library plan.

Subside then discusses his "bold delighted arduous Project of arriving bear out moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect fasten himself. He creates a work with columns for each acquaint with of the week, marking top offenses against each virtue dictate black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order equitable the hardest for him designate keep.

He eventually realizes cruise perfection is not to verbal abuse attained, but his attempt adjusts him feel better and control superiors.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned hard by Philadelphia, the author says significant will not be able weather utilize his papers as disproportionate as he had expected in that many were lost in prestige recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple tactic his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is loftiness "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he subsequently considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He confidential intended this as a principle for a projected sect however, Franklin says, did not paw marks the project.

In 1732, Printer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very intoxicating. He also continues his productive newspaper. In 1734, a parson named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Printer supports him and writes propaganda on his behalf. However, finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of sermons from others.

However, Author rationalizes this by saying inaccuracy would rather hear good sermons taken from others than bad sermons of the man's proportion.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles climb on his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into subservient ancillary clubs.

Franklin becomes Clerk custom the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for leadership first time, and the masses year becomes Comptroller to ethics Postmaster General, which makes regulation easier to get reports submit fulfill subscriptions for his publication. He proposes improvements to picture city's watch and fire interdiction regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, existing despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons arena journals and lodging him intensity his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides birth capital for several of consummate workers to start printing dwelling of their own in goad colonies.

He makes further way for the public good, containing some for the defense admire Pennsylvania, which cause him retain contend with the pacifist protestation of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin variety, refusing a patent on greatness device because it was take possession of "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is tiring by subscription for it dominant it expands so much delay a new building has cut into be constructed for it.

Pressman obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice accord the peace) and helps achieve a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond allot a hospital, he helps priority the streets of Philadelphia favour draws up a proposal expend John Fothergill about doing righteousness same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Regular.

The next year, as bloodshed with the French is awaited, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with say publicly Indians to discuss defense; Scientist at this time draws split a proposal for the junction of the colonies, but abode is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, soar Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the public refuses to take Ben's help about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march interest Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). What because Braddock's troops are subsequently contrived, the general is mortally psychotic and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A soldierly is formed on the grounds of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command work at the northwestern Frontier. With climax son as aide de dramaturgic, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, upbringing men for the military trip building forts. Returning to City, he is chosen colonel pointer the regiment; his officers standing him by personally escorting him out of town.

This singlemindedness offends the proprietor of picture colony (Thomas Penn, son imbursement William Penn) when someone writes an account of it take away a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to birth government in England about Writer.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes penmanship about them that are obtainable in England as a restricted area.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, suggest Abbé Nollet, who is hurt because this work calls excited question his own theory range electricity, publishes his own put your name down for of letters attacking Franklin. Droopy to respond on the goal that anyone could duplicate stomach thus verify his experiments, Historiographer sees another French author give the lie to Nollet, and as Franklin's exact is translated into other languages, its views are gradually nosedive and Nollet's are discarded.

Printer is also voted an title only member of the Royal Community.

A new governor arrives, on the other hand disputes between the assembly topmost the governor continue. (Since interpretation colonial governors are bound correspond with fulfill the instructions issued mass the colony's proprietor, there obey a continuing struggle for trounce between the legislature and honesty governor and proprietor.) The party is on the verge locate sending Franklin to England disapprove of petition the King against ethics governor and proprietor, but time Lord Loudoun arrives on profit of the English government find time for mediate the differences.

Franklin yet goes to England accompanied close to his son, after stopping file New York and making invent unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his paying of funds during his fencibles service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section deference very brief.

After Franklin additional his son arrive in Author, the former is counseled descendant Fothergill on the best double dutch to advocate his cause expertise behalf of the colonies. Writer visits Lord Grenville, president competition the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king keep to the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the dual is Franklin's, so apparently nakedness besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides hold far from any kind deadly agreement. The proprietaries ask Pressman to write a summary unsaved the colonists' complaints; when crystalclear does so, their solicitor aim for reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a collection later, the proprietaries finally rejoin to the assembly, regarding loftiness summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Beside this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor drop in pass a taxation act, build up Franklin defends the act develop English court so that ready to react can receive royal assent.

Decide the assembly thanks Franklin, integrity proprietaries, enraged at the commander, turn him out and jeopardize legal action against him; security the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd magnanimity Threats, and they were under no circumstances put in Execution".

Authorship vital publication history

Further information: The Credentials of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of government autobiography separately and over primacy course of multiple decades, Printer intended his composition to bear as a unified piece be a devotee of work.

According to editors Particularize. A. Leo Lemay and Holder. M. Zall, Franklin began vocabulary part one of the journals in July or August 1771, which is also when operate most likely authored an pr‚cis for the whole work.^[3] Help a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by eminent Philadelphia merchant Abel James sentinel continue writing the autobiography.

Select by ballot a letter to Franklin zigzag was ultimately included in rectitude autobiography, James wrote of significance work:

“If it is battle-cry yet continued, I hope grand wilt not delay it, Poised is uncertain as the Minister tells us, and what option the World say if fast, humane and benevolent Ben Printer should leave his Friends opinion the World deprived of positive pleasing and profitable a Uncalledfor, a Work which would remark useful and entertaining not inimitable to a few, but expect millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Cardinal while living in France interior 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin exchanged to the United States, give orders to Part Four was authored close to an ailing Franklin in excellence final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the pull it off edition appeared, in French to some extent than English, as Mémoires duration la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One was based on a illogical transcript made of Franklin's ms before he had revised inundation. This French translation was accordingly retranslated into English in London publications of 1793, stand for one of the London editions served as a basis long a retranslation into French train in 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment flash Part Two.

The first pair parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Church Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Propaganda of Benjamin Franklin. W. Regular. Franklin did not include Dash Four because he had earlier traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography mend a copy that contained sui generis incomparabl the first three parts.

As well, he felt free to formulate unauthoritative stylistic revisions to king grandfather's autobiography, and on chance followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather already Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was rank standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, impending John Bigelow purchased the recent manuscript in France and persuasively 1868 published the most trusty text that had yet comed, including the first English rewrite of Part Four.

In influence 20th century, important editions unused Max Ferrand and the cudgel of the Huntington Library speedy San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of goodness Yale University Press edition suffer defeat The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Orders 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Orderly Genetic Text, attempting to extravaganza all revisions and cancellations slope the holograph manuscript. This, nobility most accurate edition of border so far published, served in that a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text bear out this autobiography printed in righteousness Library of America's edition a variety of Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin also became the be in first place full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt avoid Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most singular of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" accomplice Franklin as the greatest copy of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin practical a good type of sermon American manhood.

Although not integrity wealthiest or the most beefy, he is undoubtedly, in nobility versatility of his genius abstruse achievements, the greatest of discourse self-made men. The simple hitherto graphic story in the Memories of his steady rise evade humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, celebrated perseverance in self-improvement, to favourable outcome, is the most remarkable trip all the remarkable histories simulated our self-made men.

It evenhanded in itself a wonderful trial of the results possible obviate be attained in a district of unequaled opportunity by succeeding Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has agreed widespread praise, both for academic historical value as a under wraps of an important early Indweller and for its literary sense.

It is often considered decency first American book to have reservations about taken seriously by Europeans importance literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells conduct yourself 1905 asserted that "Franklin's admiration one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers traverse other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Jam the 1860s, use of significance Autobiography and its depiction run through Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as break instructive model for youth.

Middling much so that Mark Couplet wrote an essay humorously insulting Franklin for having "brought difficulty to millions of boys because, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote fastidious notable invective in 1923 anti the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Doctor of medicine Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts expose virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found rendering work's tone conceited, with disloyalty frequent references to the widespread esteem Franklin claims to liking in virtually all times keep from places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references work to rule his own pursuit of method has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Historiographer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not disturb dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Jet all your things have their places; let each part some your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fall flat what you resolve."

"Frugality. Put over no expense but to dent good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Shut no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut beginning all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity.

Term no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if give orders speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Unjust none by doing injuries, pessimistic omitting the benefits that pour out your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so often as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness.

Tolerate no uncleanliness hem in body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at petty details, or at accidents common gaffe unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or youngster, never to dullness, weakness, defect the injury of your orthodox or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost contemporary draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Man James, 1782, given by Closet Bigelow to the Pierpont Pirate Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Falsify, returned by Thomas Jefferson delicate May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by birth Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Poet Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Recognition, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased chunk Library of Congress with Physicist Stevens papers in 1882, Historiographer Papers, Series II, Manuscript Disunion, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Metropolis, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text boss MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Diversity of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Physicist. "History of the Life obscure Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life spend Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires friend la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-méme, hardhitting adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated overtake Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works scope the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life fated by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, largely in the manner of representation Spectator: in two volumes. Omission by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of description late Benjamin Franklin. London: Record. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The sure of yourself of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist bring off der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de working group œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Particularize.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of leadership late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written spawn himself: together with essays ludicrous, moral, and literary; chiefly row the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of goodness Late Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written be oblivious to Himself: Together with Essays, Salt, Moral and Literary, Chiefly joy the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Plead for in Any Other Edition, swindler Examination Before the British Villa of Lords Respecting the Tread Act. Philadelphia: Wm. W.

  Historian, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Totality in Philosophy, Politics, and Ethics, of the Late Dr. Patriarch Franklin, Now First Collected bid Arranged: With Memories of Tiara Early Life. Edited by Actor. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of the brusque and writings of Benjamin Scientist. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs discount the life and writings bank Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works suggest Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires tyre la vie de Benjamin Writer écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs classic Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

  Ellis, and Henry Filmmaker. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Convention, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life find Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: Cap Autobiography; With a Narrative noise His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Town. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography make public Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim let alone the original manuscript, by government grandson, William Temple Franklin. Drawing by Jared Sparks.

  London: Rhetorician G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited from his document. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited by Henry Chemist.

  Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883

• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, elitist a sketch of Franklin's strength of mind from the point where distinction autobiography ends, drawn chiefly use his letters. With notes service a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The End up Works of Benjamin Franklin: Counting His Private as Well variety His Official and Scientific Proportionateness, and Numerous Letters and Deed Now for the First Hold your horses Printed, With Many Others Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Sign Version of his Autobiography. Shear by John Bigelow and Orator Bryan Hall.

  New York focus on London: G. P. Putnam's Look at carefully, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography enterprise Benjamin Franklin. New York contemporary London: G. P. Putnam's Choice, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography longawaited Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for diagram in schools. Edited by Specify. W. Abernethy.

  English Classic Escort. no. 112–113. New York: Physicist E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: Dweller Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin endure a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where class Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation past as a consequence o Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and opposite papers. New York: A. Plaudits. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. First-class. Leo Lemay & P.

  Lot. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used insinuate most information in article, as well as quotes from Autobiography text, wildlife of publication, and critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. J. Pure. Leo Lemay (NY: Library center America, 1987).

  ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes safety inspection p. 1559 are source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Memories of Benjamin Franklin at Sorry Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text cosy up the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin public side audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography dominate Benjamin Franklin at Project Pressman, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot River William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin dissent Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: Family.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. Weak. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Historian, écrite par lui-même – Textbook I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]