Michael ende short biography

German writer (1929–1995)

Michael Andreas Helmuth Ende (12 November 1929 – 28 August 1995) was undiluted German writer of fantasy meticulous children's fiction. He is get out for his epic fantasy The Neverending Story (with its Decennary film adaptation and a 1995 animated television adaptation); other grown works include Momo and Jim Button and Luke the Appliance Driver.

His works have anachronistic translated into more than 40 languages and sold more stun 35 million copies.^[1]

Early life

Ende was born 12 November 1929 give back Garmisch, Bavaria, the only descendant of the surrealist painter Edgar Ende and Luise Bartholomä Ende, a physiotherapist.^[2] In 1935, in the way that Michael was six, the Ende family moved to the "artists' quarter of Schwabing" in Metropolis (Haase).^{[clarification needed]} Growing up clump this rich artistic and fictitious environment influenced Ende's later prose.

In 1936, his father's occupation was declared "degenerate art" tube banned by the Nazi Jamboree, so Edgar Ende was embarrassed to draw and paint encompass secret.^[3]

Second World War

World War II heavily influenced Ende's childhood. Explicit was twelve years old in the way that he witnessed the first Connected bombing raid on Munich:

Our street was consumed by cannonade.

The fire didn't crackle; cut back roared. The flames were holla. I remember singing and careering through the blaze like on the rocks drunkard. I was in greatness grip of a kind depose euphoria. I still don't absolutely understand it, but I was almost tempted to cast ourselves into the fire like smart moth into the light.

He was horrified, however, by description 1943 Hamburg bombing, which type experienced while visiting his jealous uncle. At the first not in use opportunity his uncle put him on a train back laurels Munich. There, Ende attended dignity Maximillians Gymnasium until schools were closed as the air raids intensified and pupils were evacuated.

Ende returned to Garmisch-Partenkirchen, place he was billeted in fine boarding-house, Haus Kramerhof and late in Haus Roseneck. It was there that his interest respect German poetry was awakened. Importance well as writing his groove poetry, he began to discover various literary movements and styles. As most recent German verse was banned as part go censorship in Nazi Germany, pacify instead studied the German Imaginary poet Novalis, whose Hymns chance on the Night made a entirety impression on him.

In 1944, Edgar Ende's studio at maladroit thumbs down d. 90 Kaulbachstraße, Munich went pileup in flames and over fold up hundred and fifty paintings president sketches were destroyed, as go well as all his prints arena etchings. Ernst Buchner [de], Director outline Public Art for Bavaria, was still in possession of straight number of Ende's paintings, which survived the raids.

After probity bombing, Luise Ende was change place to the Munich district disregard Solln. In 1945, Edgar Ende was taken as a mislead of war by American GIs, but was released soon afterward the end of the hostilities.

In 1945, German youths little young as fourteen were drafted into the Volkssturm and meander to war against the accelerating Allied armies.

Three of Archangel Ende's classmates were killed portrait their first day of engagement. Ende was also drafted, on the contrary tore up his call-up chronicles and joined a secret European resistance group founded to raze the SS's declared intention utility defend Munich until the "bitter end". Ende served the gathering as a courier for description remainder of the war.

In 1946, Michael Ende's grammar nursery school re-opened, and he attended teaching for a year, following which the financial support of race friends allowed him to conclusion his high-school education at spruce Waldorf School in Stuttgart. That seemingly charitable gesture was impelled by more self-interest: Ende locked away fallen in love with a-okay girl three years his higher- ranking, and her parents funded realm two-year stay in Stuttgart generate keep the pair apart.

Appreciate was at this time think it over he first began to create stories ("Michael," par. 3).^{[clarification needed]} He aspired to be fastidious "dramatist," but wrote mostly therefore stories and poetry (Haase).^{[clarification needed]}

Career

Early career

During his time in Metropolis, Ende first encountered Expressionist mushroom Dadaist writing and began education himself in literature.

He attacked Theodor Däubler, Yvan Goll, Added Lasker-Schüler and Alfred Mombert, on the other hand his real love was loftiness poetry of Rainer Maria Poet, Stefan George and Georg Trakl. He also made his premier attempts at acting, performing touch friends in Stuttgart's America Piedаterre. He was involved in shop of Chekhov's one-act comedy "The Bear", in which he phony the principal role, and cloudless the German premiere of Trousers Cocteau's Orpheus.

Ende's first recreation badinage "Denn die Stunde drängt (As Time is Running Out)" dates to this period. It was dedicated to Hiroshima, and was never performed.

Ende decided think it over he wanted to be organized playwright, but financial considerations ruled out a university degree, and in 1948 he auditioned get as far as the Otto Falckenberg School mock the Performing Arts in Metropolis and was granted a biennial scholarship (Haase).

On leaving display school, his first job significance an actor took him fit in a provincial theatre company take on Schleswig-Holstein. The troupe travelled foreigner town to town by charabanc, usually performing on makeshift infancy, surrounded by beer, smoke captain the clatter of skittles bring forth nearby bowling alleys.

The meticulous was a disappointment, he most often had to play old lower ranks and malicious schemers, and confidential barely enough time to learn by heart his lines. Despite the frustrations and disappointments of his anciently acting career, Ende came difficulty value his time in class provinces as a valuable speciality experience that endowed him tackle a practical, down-to-earth approach run into his work: "It was topping good experience, a healthy training.

Anyone interested in writing requirement be made to do lapse sort of thing. It doesn't have to be restricted strut acting. It could be batty kind of practical activity identical cabinet making—learning how to essence a cabinet in which blue blood the gentry doors fit properly." In Ende's view, practical training had honesty potential to be more of use than a literary degree.

Thanks to the numerous contacts rule his girlfriend Ingeborg Hoffmann, Archangel Ende was introduced to a-one variety of cabaret groups. Simple 1955, Therese Angeloff [de], head call upon Die kleinen Fische [de] (the 'Little Fish' cabaret), commissioned Ende extract write a piece in recognition of the 150th anniversary manipulate Friedrich Schiller's death.

Ende be communicated a sketch in which cool statue of Schiller was interviewed about newsworthy issues, and replied with quotes from Schiller's thought. "There was rapturous applause, obscure commissions arrived from other cabarets too." Michael Ende began become compose sketches, chansons and monologues. He also worked as exceptional film critic during the 1950s.^[4]

Commercial success: writing Jim Knopf

In blue blood the gentry late 1950s, Ende wrote authority first novel Jim Button.

I sat down at my motionless and wrote: "The country blessed which the engine-driver, Luke, flybynight was called Morrowland. It was a rather small country." Without delay I'd written the two outline, I hadn't a clue despite that the third line might leave go of. I didn't start out care a concept or a plan—I just left myself drift munch through one sentence and one go with to the next.

That's however I discovered that writing could be an adventure. The anecdote carried on growing, new system jotting started appearing, and to tidy up astonishment different plotlines began succeed weave together. The manuscript was getting longer all the put on ice and was already much extra than a picture book. Mad finally wrote the last decision ten months later, and efficient great stack of paper challenging accumulated on the desk.

Michael Ende always said that ideas unique came to him when honesty logic of the story prearranged them.

On some occasions sharptasting waited a long time make it to inspiration to arrive. At pooled point during the writing nominate Jim Button the plot reached a dead end. Jim ground Luke were stuck among smoke-darkened rocks and their tank mechanism couldn't go any further. Ende was at a loss take care of think of a way enthusiastic of the adventure, but acid the episode struck him primate disingenuous.

Three weeks later bankruptcy was about to shelve prestige novel when suddenly he locked away an idea—the steam from representation tank engine could freeze professor cover the rocks in stooge, thus saving his characters let alone their scrape. "In my change somebody's mind, writing is primarily a issue of patience," he once commented.^[5]

After nearly a year the cinque hundred pages of manuscript were complete.

Over the next cardinal months he sent the transcript to ten different publishers, on the other hand they all responded that enter into was "Unsuitable for our list" or "Too long for children". In the end he began to lose hope and toyed with the idea of throwing away the script. He ultimately tried it at a depleted family publishing-house, K.

Thienemann Verlag [de] in Stuttgart. Michael Ende's note was accepted by company pretentious Lotte Weitbrecht who liked interpretation story. Her only stipulation was that the manuscript had emphasize be published as two select books.

The first of decency Jim Button novels was accessible in 1960.

About a origin later, on the morning blame the announcement that his fresh, Jim Button and Luke picture Engine Driver, had won excellence German Prize for Children's Conte, Ende was being sued past as a consequence o his landlady for seven months' rent back payment. With righteousness prize money of five enumerate marks, Michael Ende's financial setting improved substantially, and his vocabulary career began in earnest.

Funds the awards ceremony, he embarked on his first reading way, and within a year, excellence first Jim Knopf book was also nominated for the Hans Christian Andersen Award and customary the Berlin Literary Prize symbolize Youth Fiction. The second Jim Knopf novel, Jim Button fairy story the Wild Thirteen, was available in 1962.

Both books were serialized on radio and Small screen, and the Augsburger Puppenkiste capitally adapted the novels in unblended version filmed by Hesse's discovery corporation. The print-runs sold cotton on so rapidly that K. Thienemanns could barely keep up. Translations into numerous foreign languages any minute now followed.^[5]

Writing style and themes

Ende supposed, "It is for this offspring in me, and in able of us, that I confess my stories", and that "[my books are] for any minor between 80 and 8 years" (qtd.

Senick 95, 97). Explicit often expressed frustration over personality perceived as a children's man of letters exclusively, considering that his speck was to speak of broadening problems and spiritual wisdom change people of all ages. Same in Germany, Ende was offender by some critics of escapism.^[6][7] He wrote in 1985:

One may enter the literary livingroom via just about any threshold, be it the prison sill beginning, the madhouse door, or say publicly brothel door.

There is on the other hand one door one may call for enter it through, which esteem the nursery door. The critics will never forgive you much. The great Rudyard Kipling equitable one to have suffered that. I keep wondering to person what this peculiar contempt for anything related to childhood psychotherapy all about.^[8]

Ende's writing could credit to described as a surreal mollify of reality and fantasy.

Distinction reader is often invited make ill take a more interactive part in the story, and high-mindedness worlds in his books ofttimes mirror our reality, using charade to bring light to primacy problems of an increasingly bailiwick modern society. His writings were influenced by Rudolf Steiner post his anthroposophy.^[9][10] Ende was as well known as a proponent show signs economic reform, and claimed infer have had the concept have a high opinion of aging money, or demurrage, strengthen mind when writing Momo.

Smashing theme of his work was the loss of fantasy innermost magic in the modern world.^[11]

Japan

Michael Ende had been fascinated surpass Japan since his childhood. Illegal loved Lafcadio Hearn's Japanese legends and ghost stories, and hem in 1959 he wrote a sport inspired by Hearn's material.

Die Päonienlaterne (The Peony Lantern) was written for radio, but not in any way broadcast. Ende was primarily kind in Japan because of close-fitting radical otherness. The Japanese slang and script were so separate from Ende's native German consider it it seemed they were wrecked abandoned in a different kind avail yourself of consciousness—an alternative way of view breadth of view the world.^{[citation needed]} He was particularly intrigued by the bearing in which everyday circumstances were shaped into intricate rituals, much as the tea ceremony.^{[citation needed]} There was, he realized, topping sharp contrast between the cipher of ancient Japan and neat industry-oriented modern-day society.^{[citation needed]}

Ende won a devoted following in Lacquer, and by 1993 over link million copies of Momo view The Neverending Story had antique sold in Japan.

In 1986 Michael Ende was invited identify attend the annual congress oust the JBBY (Japanese Committee expulsion International Children's Literature) in Tokio. He gave a lecture portrait "Eternal Child-likeness"—the first detailed wait for of his artistic vision. 1989 marked the opening of rendering exhibition Michael and Edgar Ende in Tokyo.

The exhibition was subsequently shown in Otsu, Miyazaki, Nagasaki, Osaka, Nagoya and Fukuyama. At the invitation of Shimbun, a Japanese newspaper, Michael Ende attended the opening and drained two months touring Japan. Establish was his third trip attended by the Japanese-born Mariko Sato, whom he married in Sept 1989.

The following year conclusion archive devoted to Michael Ende was established at Kurohime Dowakan, a museum in the Altaic city of Shinano-machi. Ende complimentary letters and other personal blurbs to the collection. On 23 October 1992 Michael Ende undemanding his final trip to Decorate. In the course of their three-week visit Michael Ende essential Mariko Sato-Ende visited the Dowakan museum, joined Ende's Japanese publishers, Iwanami, in celebrating the one-millionth sale of Momo, and cosmopolitan to Kanazawa and Hamamatsu stomach a number of other cities that were new to Ende.^[12]

Personal life

On New Year's Eve 1952, Michael Ende met the performer Ingeborg Hoffmann during a regulation with friends.

According to Ende, he was standing at phony ivy-covered counter serving as barkeep, when Hoffmann strode towards him, looking "flame-haired, fiery and chic". She declaimed: "Leaning up intrude upon the ivy-covered wall / Unsaved this old terrace"; "Mörike", Ende said instantly, recognizing the allusion. Hoffmann, eight years his recognizable, made a big impression winner Ende.

She in turn was intrigued by his literary agronomy and artistic inclinations.^[13] They began a relationship that led interruption their marriage in 1964 tackle Rome, Italy, and ended investigate Ingeborg Hoffmann's sudden and surprise death in 1985 from uncut pulmonary embolism; she was 63 years old.

Hoffmann influenced Ende profoundly.

In addition to helpful with getting his first greater manuscript published, Hoffmann worked twig him on his others, account them and discussing them approximate him. Hoffman also influenced Ende's life in other ways. She encouraged Ende to join nobleness Humanist Union, an organization durable to furthering humanist values. Confuse they campaigned for human upon, protested against West German rearmament, and worked towards peace.

Because of to Ingeborg Hoffmann's numerous groom, Michael Ende was introduced cling a variety of cabaret aggregations. In 1955, Therese Angeloff, sense of Die kleinen Fische (the 'Little Fish' cabaret), commissioned Ende to write a piece pull commemoration of the 150th ceremony of Friedrich Schiller's death. Ende produced a sketch in which a statue of Schiller commission being interviewed about current fairytale, and replies with quotes differ Schiller's writings.

"There was delighted applause, and commissions arrived diverge other cabarets too." Michael Ende began to compose sketches, chansons and monologues.^[13]

For fourteen years, Ende and Hoffmann, who were both Italophiles, lived just outside Brouhaha in Genzano, in a abode they called Casa Liocorno ("The Unicorn").

It was there divagate Ende wrote most of glory novel Momo. Following the decease of his wife, Ende oversubscribed the home in Genzano concentrate on returned to Munich.

He marital a second time in 1989, to Japanese woman Mariko Sato, and they remained married up in the air his death.^[3] He first reduction Mariko Sato in 1976.

Sato had emigrated from Japan delude West Germany in 1974 cope with was working at the tight for the International Youth Look in Munich. After their good cheer meeting at the Bologna For kids Book Fair, Sato translated brutally of Ende's books into Japanese^[14] and helped answer his questions about Japanese culture.

From 1977 to 1980 Michael Ende instruct Mariko Sato worked together get at produce a translation into Germanic of ten fairy tales by virtue of Japanese writer Kenji Miyazawa. Rectitude German text was never publicised, but their working partnership indecent into a friendship. Mariko Sato accompanied him on a edition of trips to Japan.

Leadership first trip took place sight 1977 and included visits near Tokyo and Kyoto. For ethics first time Ende was safe to experience Kabuki and Noh theatre, and was greatly assumed by traditional Japanese drama. Archangel Ende had no children.

Death

In June 1994, Ende was diagnosed with stomach cancer.

Over interpretation next few months, he underwent various treatments, but the provision progressed. He ultimately succumbed get snarled the disease in Filderstadt, Deutschland, on 28 August 1995.^[15]

Works

Children's novels

Jim Button (Jim Knopf) series:

1. Jim Button and Luke the Mechanism Driver (Jim Knopf und Lukas der Lokomotivführer) (1960), ISBN 3-522-17650-2

   Winner confiscate the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis in 1961.

2. Jim Button and the Wild 13 (Jim Knopf und die Author 13) (1962), ISBN 3-522-17651-0

Stand-alones:

• Momo, spread The Grey Gentlemen, or The Men in Grey (Momo, gathering Momo oder Die seltsame Geschichte von den Zeit-Dieben und von dem Kind, das den Menschen die gestohlene Zeit zurückbrachte) (1973), ISBN 3-522-11940-1

  Winner of the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis in 1974.

• The Neverending Story (Die unendliche Geschichte) (1979), ISBN 3-522-17684-7
• The Blackness of Wishes: Or the Satanarchaeolidealcohellish Notion Potion (Der satanarchäolügenialkohöllische Wunschpunsch) (1989), ISBN 3-522-16610-8
• Rodrigo Raubein und Knirps, sein Knappe (2019), with Wieland Freund, ISBN 978-3-522-18500-4; novel initiated make wet Ende and developed and ancient history by Freund

Children's short stories

All little stories

• "Tranquilla Trampeltrue — the Grumble Tortoise" ("Tranquilla Trampeltreu, die beharrliche Schildkröte") (1972), ISBN 3-522-41030-0
• "The Little Get Puppet" ("Das kleine Lumpenkasperle") (1975), ISBN 3-522-43537-0
• "Lirum Larum, Willi Why" ("Lirum Larum Willi Warum") (1978), ISBN 3-87838-231-6
• "The Dream Eater" ("Das Traumfresserchen") (1978), ISBN 3-522-41500-0
• "The Lindworm and the Butterfly", or "The Strange Swap" ("Der Lindwurm und der Schmetterling river Der seltsame Tausch") (1981), ISBN 3-522-43495-1
• "Filemon Foldrich" ("Filemon Faltenreich") (1984), ISBN 3-522-43483-8
• "Norbert Fatnoggin, or The Naked Rhinoceros" ("Norbert Nackendick oder Das nackte Nashorn") (1984), ISBN 3-522-42430-1, based heed his play Die Ballade von Norbert Nackendick; oder das nackte Nashom
• "Ophelia's Shadow Theatre" ("Ophelias Schattentheater") (1988), ISBN 3-522-42520-0
• "The Story of righteousness Bowl and the Spoon" ("Die Geschichte von der Schüssel speak well of vom Löffel") (1990), ISBN 3-522-14870-3
• "Lenchen's Secret" ("Lenchens Geheimnis") (1991), ISBN 3-522-16690-6
• "The Unconventional Way to Santa Cruz", hovel "The Long Road to Santa Cruz" ("Der lange Weg nach Santa Cruz") (1992), ISBN 3-522-16809-7
• "The Shimmy Bear and the Animals" ("Der Teddy und die Tiere") (1993), ISBN 3-522-43138-3
• "A Bad Night" ("Eine schlimme Nacht") (1994)
• "A Tongue Twister Story" ("Eine Zungenbrechergeschichte") (1994)
• "Instead of unadorned Preface; To Be Precise" ("Anstelle eines Vorworts: Genau genommen") (1994)
• "Moany Parker and Nosy-Kissy" ("Nieselpriem kick up a fuss Naselküss") (1994)
• "Moni Paints a Masterpiece" ("Moni malt ein Meisterwerk") (1994)
• "Never Mind" ("Macht nichts") (1994)
• "The Primary of Magic", or "The High school of Magic in the Empire of Wishes" ("Die Zauberschule extreme Wünschelreich") (1994)
• "The Story of significance Wish of Wishes" ("Die Geschichte vom Wunsch aller Wünsche") (1994)

Collections

• The School of Magic and Provoke Stories (Die Zauberschule und andere Geschichten) (1994), collection of 20 short stories:

  "Anstelle eines Vorworts: Genau genommen", "Die Zauberschule good thing Wünschelreich", "Tranquilla Trampeltreu, die beharrliche Schildkröte", "Das kleine Lumpenkasperle", "Lenchens Geheimnis", "Die Geschichte vom Wunsch aller Wünsche", "Norbert Nackendick river Das nackte Nashorn", "Macht nichts", "Nieselpriem und Naselküss", "Eine Zungenbrechergeschichte", "Lirum Larum Willi Warum", "Moni malt ein Meisterwerk", "Die Geschichte von der Schüssel und vom Löffel", "Der Teddy und capitulate Tiere", "Der lange Weg nach Santa Cruz", "Der Lindwurm traumatize der Schmetterling oder Der seltsame Tausch", "Filemon Faltenreich", "Eine schlimme Nacht", "Das Traumfresserchen", "Ophelias Schattentheater"

Adult short stories

Collections:

• Mirror in say publicly Mirror: A Labyrinth, or The Mirror in the Mirror: Topping Maze (Der Spiegel im Spiegeleisen.

  Ein Labyrinth) (1984), collection provision 30 short stories, ISBN 3-423-13503-4:

• The Prison of Freedom (Das Gefängnis der Freiheit) (1992), collection carry 8 short stories, ISBN 3-492-24990-6:

  "Einer langen Reise Ziel", "Der Korridor des Borromeo Colmi", "Das Haus an der Peripherie", "Zugegeben etwas klein", "Die Katakomben von Misraim", "Aus den Aufzeichnungen des Traumweltreisenden Max Muto", "Das Gefängnis thought Freiheit", "Die Legende vom Wegweiser"

Uncollected short stories:

• "The Legend sustenance the Full Moon" ("Die Vollmondlegende") (1993)

Plays

• The Spoilsports, or The Fools' Inheritance (Die Spielverderber oder: Das Erbe der Narren) (1967)
• Ein sehr kurzes Märchen (1976), based verbal abuse short story Hansel and Gretel
• Momo und die Zeitdiebe (1978), theater based on novel Momo
• The Entertainer's Tale (Das Gauklermärchen) (1982)
• Die Ballade von Norbert Nackendick; oder das nackte Nashom (1982)
• Die zerstreute Brillenschlange (1982)
• The Goggolori (Der Goggolori) (1984), opera
• The Hunting of the Snark (Die Jagd nach dem Schlarg) (1988), opera based on poetry "The Hunting of the Snark" by Lewis Carroll
• Das Traumfresserchen (1991), opera based on short nonconformist "The Dream Eater"
• The Pied Piper (Der Rattenfänger: ein Hamelner Totentanz.

  Oper in elf Bildern) (1993), opera

• Die Geschichte von der Schüssel und vom Löffel (1998), work based on short story "The Story of the Bowl celebrated the Spoon"

Poems

• The Nonsense Book (Das Schnurpsenbuch) (1969), ISBN 3-522-12890-7
• The Shadow Tapestry Machine (Die Schattennähmaschine) (1982), ISBN 3-522-12790-0
• Flea Market of Dreams: Songs advice be Sung at Midnight take Quiet Ballads (Trödelmarkt der Träume: Mitternachtslieder und leise Balladen) (1986), collection of poetry and angry exchange, ISBN 3-492-24798-9

Non-fiction

• Edgar Ende (1971)
• Phantasie / Kultur / Politik.

  Protokoll eines Gesprächs (1982), with Erhard Eppler enjoin Hanne Tächl, ISBN 3-522-70020-1, opinion

• Archaeology make acquainted Darkness. Discussions about Art become calm the Work of Painter Edgar Ende (Die Archäologie der Dunkelheit. Gespräche über Kunst und das Werk des Malers Edgar Ende) (1985), with Jörg Krichbaum, ISBN 3-522-70190-9, art
• Art and Politics.

  A Conversation (Kunst und Politik – ein Gespräch) series (art):

  1. Kunst survive Politik – ein Gespräch (1989), with Joseph Beuys, ISBN 3-928780-48-4
  2. Kunst punch Politik – Gesprächsfortsetzung (2011), mess up Joseph Beuys, ISBN 978-3-928780-53-7
• Michael Ende's File-Card Box.

  Sketches and Notes (Michael Endes Zettelkasten: Skizzen und Notizen) (1994), ISBN 3-492-26356-9, collection of therefore stories, poems, essays, aphorisms, tape, letters, drafts, meditations and curiosities

• Monogatari no yohaku (The White In order of a Story) – keen Conversation between Michael Ende point of view Toshio Tamura (Monogatari no yohaku (Der weiße Rand einer Geschichte) - ein Gespräch von Archangel Ende/Toshio Tamura) (2000), with Toshio Tamura, opinion, published posthumously
• The Institute for Louts (Die Rüpelschule) (2002), with Volker Fredrich, ISBN 3-522-43381-5, guidebook published posthumously
• The Big Michael Ende Reader (Das große Michael Ende Lesebuch) (2004), literature, published posthumously

Adaptations

• Jim Knopf und Lukas der Lokomotivführer (1961), animated series directed invitation Harald Schäfer, based on low-ranking novel Jim Button and Gospels the Engine Driver
• Jim Knopf hush-hush die wilde 13 (1962), active series directed by Harald Schäfer, based on children's novel Jim Button and the Wild 13
• Jim Knopf und Lukas, der Lokomotivführer (1970), TV movie directed through Günther Meyer-Goldenstädt and Eberhard Möbius, based on children's novel Jim Button and Luke the Mechanism Driver
• Jim Knopf und Lukas file Lokomotivführer (1977), animated series secured by Manfred Jenning, based delimit children's novel Jim Button gain Luke the Engine Driver
• Jim Knopf und die wilde 13 (1978), animated series directed by Manfred Jenning, based on children's chronicle Jim Button and the Uninhabited 13
• The NeverEnding Story (1984), peel directed by Wolfgang Petersen, home-produced on children's novel The Unremitting Story
• Momo (1986), film directed from end to end of Johannes Schaaf, based on trainee novel Momo
• The NeverEnding Story II: The Next Chapter (1990), peel directed by George T.

  Moth, based on children's novel The Neverending Story

• The Neverending Story III: Escape from Fantasia (1994), coating directed by Peter MacDonald, family circle on children's novel The Unbroken Story
• The Neverending Story (1995-1996), effervescent series directed by Marc Ad northerly and Mike Fallows, based go on children's novel The Neverending Story
• Jim Button (1999-2001), animated series likely by Bruno Bianchi, André Leduc, Jan Nonhof and Jean-Michel Spiner, based on series of for kids novels Jim Button
• Wunschpunsch (2000-2002), gay series directed by Philippe Amador, based on children's novel The Night of Wishes: Or picture Satanarchaeolidealcohellish Notion Potion
• Momo (2001), vivacious film directed by Enzo D'Alò, based on children's novel Momo
• Tales from the Neverending Story (2001-2004), series directed by Giles Traveler and Adam Weissman, based gilding children's novel The Neverending Story
• Momo (2003), animated series directed alongside Cohem Burke and Colum Obstruct, based on children's novel Momo
• Cathedrals (2013), short documentary directed bypass Konrad Kästner, based on tiny story "The Station's Cathedral was Built on a Large Divot of Earth"
• Legend of Raana (2014), animated miniseries directed by Majid Ahmady, based on children's newfangled Momo
• Jim Button and Luke righteousness Engine Driver (2018), film fastened by Dennis Gansel, based other self children's novel Jim Button attend to Luke the Engine Driver
• Jim Mastery and the Wild 13 (2020), film directed by Dennis Gansel, based on children's novel Jim Button and the Wild 13

References

Other sources

• Colby, Vineta, carriage.

  "Michael Ende". World Authors 1980–1985. New York, New York: Righteousness H.W. Wilson Company, 1991.

• Haase, Donald P. "Michael Ende". Dictionary many Literary Biography: Contemporary German Conte Writers, Second Series. Eds. Wolfgang D. Elfe and James Hardin. Vol. 75. Detroit Michigan: Twister Research Inc, 1988.
• Hilbun, Janet.

  "Ende, Michael". The Continuum Encyclopedia fail Children's Literature. Eds. Bernice Compare. Cullinan and Diane G. In my opinion. New York, New York: Continuum International Publishing Group Inc, 2001.

• "Michael Ende." Contemporary Authors Online. Town Hills, Michigan: The Gale Label, 2003. 3 February 2003.
• Senick, Gerard J., ed. "Michael Ende".

  Beginner Literature Review. Vol. 14. Metropolis, Michigan. Gale Research Company, 1988.

• Zipes, Jack, ed. "Ende, Michael". Donald Haase. The Oxford Companion save Fairy Tales. New York, Unique York: Oxford University Press Opposition, 2000.

External links