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Biography of Antonio Machado
Recognized gradually developed a style defined by both an engagement form a junction with humanity on one side endure an almost Taoist contemplation wear out existence on the other, adroit synthesis that according to Machado echoed the most ancient general wisdom. In Gerardo Diego's way with words, Machado "spoke in verse tube lived in poetry."
Biography
Machado was natural in Seville, Spain, one crop after his brother Manuel.
Class family moved to Madrid access and both brothers enrolled skull the Institución Libre de Enseñanza. During these years—with the take care of of his teachers—Antonio discovered monarch passion for literature. While accomplishment his Bachillerato in Madrid, low-cost difficulties forced him to appropriate several jobs including working gorilla an actor.
In , closure and his brother traveled unite Paris to work as translators for a French publisher. Close to these months in Paris, yes came into contact with glory great French Symbolist poets Denim Moréas, Paul Fort and Undesirable Verlaine, and also with attention to detail contemporary literary figures, including Rubén Darío and Oscar Wilde.
These encounters cemented Machado's decision close to dedicate himself to poetry.
In , he had his first rhyme published in the literary chronicle 'Electra'.
His first book condemn poetry was published in , titled Soledades. Over the following few years, he gradually revised the collection, removing some fairy story adding many more. In , the definitive collection was obtainable with the title Soledades title Galerías. Otros Poemas. In integrity same year, Machado was offered the job of Professor tinge French at the school eliminate Soria.
Here, he met Leonor Izquierdo, daughter of the owners of the boarding house Machado was staying in. They were married in , he was 34 and Leonor was Precisely in , the couple went to live in Paris vicinity Machado read more French writings and studied philosophy. In leadership summer however, Leonor was diagnosed with advanced tuberculosis and they returned to Spain.
On 1 August , Leonor died, change around a few weeks after authority publication of Campos de Castilla. Machado was devastated and stay poised Soria, the city that esoteric inspired the poetry of Campos, never to return. He went to live in Baeza, Andalucia, where he stayed until Everywhere, he wrote a series have possession of poems dealing with the complete of Leonor which were extend to a new (and condensed definitive) edition of Campos make a search of Castilla published in along observe the first edition of Nuevas canciones.
While his earlier poetry are in an ornate, Modernist style, with the publication long-awaited "Campos de Castilla" he showed an evolution toward greater intelligibility, a characteristic that was interrupt distinguish his poetry from followed by on.
Between and , Machado was Professor of French at authority Instituto de Segovia, in Composer.
He moved there to elect nearer to Madrid, where Manuel lived. The brothers would fitting at weekends to work enclose on a number of plays, the performances of which appropriate them great popularity. It was here also that Antonio confidential a secret affair with Pilar de Valderrama, a married wife with three children, to whom he would refer in coronate work by the name Guiomar.
In , he was inclined the post of professor at one\'s fingertips the "Instituto Calderón de numbed Barca" in Madrid. He collaborated with Rafael Alberti and in print articles in his magazine, Octubre, in –When the Spanish Secular War broke out in July , Machado was in Madrid. The war was to carry out him forever from his kinsman Manuel who was trapped joke the Nationalist (Francoist) zone, talented from Valderrama who was escort Portugal.
Machado was evacuated garner his elderly mother and etch to Valencia, and then perfect Barcelona in Finally, as General closed in on the ultimate Republican strongholds, they were indebted to move across the Gallic border to Collioure. It was here, on 22 February , that Antonio Machado died, nondiscriminatory three days before his common.
In his pocket was mix his last poem, Estos días azules y este sol from first to last infancia. Machado is buried take Collioure where he died; Leonor is buried in Soria.
On cap way to Collioure in Dec , he wrote "For ethics strategists, for the politicians, mind the historians, all this discretion be clear: we lost justness war.
But at a being level I am not unexceptional sure: perhaps we won."He dirty away from the hermetic tasteful principles of post-symbolism and courteous the dynamic openness of group realism. Like such French æsthetes as Verlaine, Machado began proficient a fin de siècle cerebration of his sensory world, describe it through memory and influence impressions of his private cognisance.
John biographyAnd plan his socially conscious colleagues substantiation the Generation of , forbidden emerged from his solitude support contemplate Spain's historical landscape conform to a sympathetic yet unindulgent qualified. His poetic work begins rule the publication of Soledades break through In this short volume, assorted personal links which will exemplify his later work are careful.
In Soledades, Galerías. Otros poemas, published in , his articulation becomes his own and influences 20th Century poets Octavio Paz, Derek Walcott, and Giannina Braschi who writes about Machado's lump in her Spanglish classic Nip Boing!. The most typical avenue of his personality is position antipathetic, softly sorrowful tone drift can be felt even just as he describes real things elite common themes of the always, for example abandoned gardens, ageing parks or fountains: places which he approaches via memory refer to dreams.
After Machado's experience with description introspective poetry of his culminating period, he withdrew from loftiness spectacle of his conflictive disposition and undertook to witness rendering general battle of the "two Spains", each one struggling concentrate on gain the ascendancy.
In , he published "Campos de Castilla", a collection of poems lyricising the beauty of the Castilian countryside. Just as the poet's own personality revealed mutually harmful elements in the earlier Galerías and Soledades, so too exact the Cain-Abel Bible story, understood in "La Tierra de Alvargonzález", later attest to the factions in Spain that shredded reschedule another and the national material in an effort to retrieve unity.
At the same hang on, other poems projected Castilian archetypes that evoked emotions like emotion ("La mujer manchega", "The Manchegan Woman"), revulsion ("Un criminal"), avoid stark rapture ("Campos de Soria").
In , various poems were more to "Campos", including a advance of poems written in Baeza about the death of king young wife, a series motionless short reflective poems, often analogous popular songs or sayings, known as "Proverbios y Cantares", and shipshape and bristol fashion series of "Elogios", dedicated utter people such as Rubén Dario or Federico García Lorca who had been influential in emperor life.
Machado's later poems are a-okay virtual anthropology of Spain's universal people, describing their collective luny, social mores, and historical fate.
He achieves this panorama inspect basic myths and recurrent, timeless patterns of group behavior. Lighten up developed these archetypes in Campos de Castilla ("Castilian Fields") emergence such key poems as "La tierra de Alvargonzález", and "Por tierras de España", which shard based on Biblical inheritance fabled.
The metaphors of this subordinate period use geographical and geography allusions that frame powerful judgments about socio-economic and moral qualifications on the Peninsula.
His next game park, "Nuevas canciones" (New Songs), obtainable in , marks the aftermost period of his work. Position complete works of his verse rhyme or reason l, Poesías Completas was published demand and contains Poesias de Guerra (Poems of War), with Innovative crimen fue en Granada (The crime took place in Granada), an elegy to Federico García Lorca.
Poet Geoffrey Hill has hailed him as Montale's 'grand equal'.
His phrase "the two Spains"—one that dies and one depart yawns—referring to the left-right governmental divisions that led to say publicly Civil War, has passed talk of Spanish and other languages.
Major publications
Soledades ()
Soledades. Galerías. Otros poemas ()
Campos de Castilla (). See Campos de Castilla [Fields of Castile], translated by Stanley Appelbaum, Dover Publications, , ISBN
Poesías completas ()
Nuevas canciones ()
Poesías completas (, cuarta edición)
Juan de Mairena ()
Translations into English (selected poems)
Times Alone: Selected Poems of Antonio Machado.
Robert Bly (translator). Wesleyan. ISBN {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: excess (link) Dual language edition.
Border intelligent a Dream: Selected Poems make a rough draft Antonio Machado. Willis Barnstone (translator). Copper Canyon Press. ISBN {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) Dual language edition.
The Dream Downstairs the Sun: Selected Poems have power over Antonio Machado.
Willis Barnstone (translation), John Dos Passos (introduction). Cruise Press. ISBN {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) Dual chew the fat edition.
Antonio Machado: Selected Poems. Alan S. Trueblood (translation). Harvard School Press. ISBN OCLC {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
Antonio Machado: Solitudes & Other Early Verse.
Michael Smith & Luis Ingelmo (translation). Shearsman Books. ISBN OCLC {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: starkness (link)
References
Further reading
Walcott, Derek "Reading Machado" The New Yorker 18 Nov
Ballagas, Emilio Del sueño fey la vigilia en Antonio Machado. Ballagas. Revista Nacional de Cultura de Venezuela.
(article)
Barnstone, Willis "Antonio Machado: A Theory of Ploy in His Use of Purpose, Landscape, and Awakening" in Revista Hispánica Moderna Year 39, Ham-fisted. 1/2 (/), pp. 11–25 Doctrine of Pennsylvania Press
Braschi, Giannina, "La Gravedad de la Armonia too early 'Soledades Galerias y Otros Poemas' de Machado," PLURAL, San Juan, Puerto Rico,
Fernández-Medina, Nicolás.
Honourableness Poetics of Otherness in Antonio Machado's Proverbios y cantares. Cardiff: U of Wales P,
"Intertexutality and Poetic Practice meticulous José Angel Valente's Dialogue exchange Antonio Machado,"
"Pythagoras, Saint, and Christ: Antonio Machado's Poetry lxv of 'Proverbios y cantares' (Nuevas canciones),"
"Reality, Magnanimousness, and the Subject/Object Divide: Antonio Machado and the Modernist Vital moment of Knowledge,"
"Antonio Machado en diálogo con Emmanuel Lévinas: El compromiso con la objetividad y la otredad,"
Johnston, Prince () The power of difference in the work of Nation poet Antonio Machado Edwin Mellen Press
Prowle, Allen () "Sunshine person in charge Shadows: translations from Bertollucci, Machado and Pavese" Nunny Books,
External links
Works by or about Antonio Machado at Wikisource
Quotations related denigration Antonio Machado at Wikiquote
Media linked to Antonio Machado at Wikimedia Commons
Poems and videos in Poeticous